abstract：:Six strains of white rot fungi were tested for their biodegradation ability of low chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) commercial mixture (Delor 103) in real soil system. Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes versicolor did not show any ability to degrade PCBs in soil. On the contrary, four strains of Pleuro...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Kubátová A,Erbanová P,Eichlerová I,Homolka L,Nerud F,Sasek V

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the rotational scheme developed by the Programme to fight the resistance of Simulium damnosum to chemical larvicides, there was an operational gap at discharges between 5 and 70 m3 s(-1) for the treatment of rivers where resistance to organophosphates was present. The use of permethrin and carbosulfan was precl...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Yaméogo L,Traoré K,Back C,Hougard JM,Calamari D

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of aromatic heterocyclic and hydrocarbon compounds were tested for toxicity and biotransformation potential against two contrasting lux-marked whole-cell microbial biosensors. Toxicity was determined by inhibition of light output of a Pseudomonas fluorescens construct that expresses lux constitutively. Biotra...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Bundy JG,Morriss AW,Durham DG,Campbell CD,Paton GI

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluorescence spectra of the condensed species (CS) collected in the soot inception region of a rich premixed laminar ethylene/oxygen flame have been measured by excitation in the UV at 266 and 355 nm excitation wavelength. The contribution of the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to the CS fluor...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Ciajolo A,Ragucci R,Apicella B,Barbella R,de Joannon M,Tregrossi A

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objectives of this work were to study the effect of urea addition to the fuel before the combustion on the suppression of PCDD/F emissions, to examine the influence of urea to PCDD/F isomer patterns by employing statistical analysis techniques and to determine the most effective method of urea addition. Urea in th...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Samaras P,Blumenstock M,Lenoir D,Schramm KW,Kettrup A

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel technique has been used for the temporally resolved investigation of the interaction of laser radiation and soot in a flame. Based on established soot vaporisation models we developed a framework to calculate the two-colour four-wave mixing signal obtained in an acetylene/air diffusion flame at atmospheric pre...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Hemmerling B,Stampanoni-Panariello A

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emissions data have been obtained from a waste propellant incinerator. The incinerator is a dual fixed hearth, controlled air incinerator equipped with acid gas and particulate scrubbing. "Puffing" has been evident in this waste propellant incinerator by spikes in the CO concentration. Transient puffs of organics may ...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Hart JR

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of chlorine on the fuel-rich oxidation of hydrocarbons and on the molecular weight growth of aromatics is analyzed by simulating experiments featuring a model chlorinated additive CH3Cl in a jet-stirred/plug-flow reactor and premixed flames. The kinetic model used in this work emphasizes the role of resonan...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Violi A,D'Anna A,D'Alessio A

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemical kinetics of trichloroethene (TCE) degradation by pyrite was investigated at different experimental conditions. The TCE was transformed into C2H2, 1,1-dichloroethene (DCE) and C2H4 by a slow process (240 h required to convert TCE by 80%). Thereafter, the degradation rate showed a monotonous increase with the p...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Weerasooriya R,Dharmasena B

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A long-term randomised block field experiment was established in 1997 to study the dynamics of total P and dissolved P in the surface waters of rice fields receiving two application rates of fertiliser P and one rate of combined fertiliser and manure P. Preliminary results from the first two crops show that concentrat...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Wang K,Zhang Z,Zhu Y,Wang G,Shi D,Christie P

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some of the major factors influencing ammonia volatilisation in a rice wheat rotation system were studied. A continuous airflow enclosure method was used to measure NH3 volatilisation in a field experiment at an agricultural college in Jiangsu Province. The five treatments comprised application rates of 0, 100, 200 or...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Tian G,Cai Z,Cao J,Li X

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The results of a laboratory investigation on the leaching behaviour of wood treated with creosote and of untreated wood are reported. A special leaching test derived from the German standard method DEV S4 test (DIN 38414) has been developed. Samples were leached in deionized water, in a solution buffered at pH 4.7 and...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Becker L,Matuschek G,Lenoir D,Kettrup A

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A transfer of contaminants from the land through the rivers forms a significant part of the Arctic seas' pollution. A whole ecosystem is the target of this harmful action. The response of the ecosystem can be considered as the measure of the impact. To assess this impact we designed a mathematical approach based on th...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Lystsov VN,Murzin NV

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dechlorination of commercial mixtures of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) as well as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and dibenzofurans (PCDF) on extracted and non-extracted fly ash obtained from municipal waste incinerator (MWI) was studied in closed systems under nitrogen atmosphere at temperatures of 260 deg...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Stach J,Pekárek V,Grabic R,Lojkásek M,Pacáková V

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a historical mining area residual material has been filled on land and these locations are used today as agricultural soils or house gardens. The antimony concentrations in these soils are up to 500 mg/kg. Antimony transfer into 19 vegetable and crop species was investigated. In grain and other storage organs up to...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Hammel W,Debus R,Steubing L

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The filamentous fungus Scopulariopsis brevicaulis biomethylates inorganic antimony(III) compounds to trimethylstibine, that can be detected in culture headspace gases. Dimethylantimony and trimethylantimony species have been detected in the medium of these cultures, but the origin of these species was controversial. W...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Andrewes P,Cullen WR,Polishchuk E

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Swine sewage could be source of nutrients and pollutants. This work estimates the environmental risk in nine samples from different farm treatment systems based on the evaluation of their effects in Daphnia magna acute test, and on the assessment of Cu, Zn and ammonia as main contributors. NH3 and Cu were responsible ...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： De la Torre AI,Jiménez JA,Carballo M,Fernandez C,Roset J,Muñoz MJ

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The flow of carbon from plant roots into soil supports a range of microbial processes and is therefore critical to ecosystem function and health. Pollution-induced stress, which influences rhizosphere C flow is of considerable potential importance, and therefore needs to be evaluated. This paper reports on a method, b...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Porteous F,Killham K,Meharg A

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The main metabolites formed from Iprodione and Procymidone during the composting process have been isolated and identified by HPLC-DAD-MSD. After addition of the fungicides to the composting pile, we monitored the reaction of the two analytes and the formation of their degradation products for eight months. We verifie...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Vanni A,Gamberini R,Calabria A,Nappi P

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The European reference soil set was introduced as common basis for a better comparability of soil sorption data measured within the framework of chemical testing of environmental chemicals. The success of the EUROSOILS, as the set is commonly called, convinced the European Commission's Joint Research Centre to evaluat...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Gawlik BM,Kettrup A,Muntau H

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eleven species of Neotropical migrant passerines collected in Illinois (USA) during May 1996, were analyzed for the presence of organochlorine (OC) pesticides. At least one of five OC pesticide residues was detected in 66 of 72 birds, representing all species examined. The contaminants most frequently detected were p,...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Klemens JA,Harper RG,Frick JA,Capparella AP,Richardson HB,Coffey MJ

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of flutriafol on the cellulose decomposition was studied in the laboratory as a dose-response experiment using a trade marked formulation. Cellulose degradation rates were determined by the weight loss from cellulose filter disks buried in soil samples and by the CO2 evolved during batch incubation experime...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Munier-Lamy C,Borde O

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the use of photo-fenton process for color removal from textile wastewater stream. The wastewater sample to be treated was simulated by using colorless polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and reactive dyestuff of R94H. As a result, the hydroxyl radical (HO*) oxidation can effectively remove color, but the chem...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Kang SF,Liao CH,Po ST

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The photocatalytic oxidation of high levels of volatile chlorinated organic compounds in gas phase has been studied using a specially designed photoreactor. The influence of light intensity, initial water vapour concentration, temperature, inlet contaminant concentration and flow rate on destruction efficiency has bee...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Hager S,Bauer R,Kudielka G

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ground discarded tires adsorb naphthalene, toluene, and mercury ions (Hg2+) from aqueous solutions. Their sorption properties and kinetics were determined by batch equilibration techniques at 20 degrees C. The isotherms were linear for naphthalene and toluene and their sorption coefficients were about 1340 and 255 (ml...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Gunasekara AS,Donovan JA,Xing B

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Titanium dioxide-mediated photodegradation of Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil/aqueous systems with added fluorinated surfactant was investigated. PCBs can bind tightly to organic matter in the soil, especially in aged, contaminated soil. Experiments showed an effective PCB photocatalytic degradation in mixed ...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Huang Q,Hong CS

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aqueous solutions of selected polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were prepared using a generator column and exposed to UV (300 nm) light in the laboratory and to sunlight in an outdoor environment. In the laboratory, additional exposures were also carried out using 60% ...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Kim M,O'Keefe PW

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soil sorption coefficients (K(OC)) of 185 non-ionic organic heterogeneous pesticides have been studied searching for quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPRs). The chemical description of pesticide structure has been made in terms of some molecular descriptors: count descriptors, topological indices, infor...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Gramatica P,Corradi M,Consonni V

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For inclusion complexes of cyclodextrins with parathinons and paraoxon, inclusion depths were estimated with the rotational strength analysis method. The inclusion depths of pesticides were sensitive to the difference in the hydrophobic properties of the phosphate and monothiophosphate groups and were in close correla...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Ishiwata S,Kamiya M

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the precipitation of carbonates by Nesterenkonia halobia in a liquid medium at different concentrations of salts and incubation times. N. halobia only produced crystals at salt concentrations of 2.5%, 7.5% and 15%. At 20% salt concentration no crystal formation was observed. Calcite, aragonite and dolo...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Rivadeneyra MA,Delgado G,Soriano M,Ramos-Cormenzana A,Delgado R

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enantiomer separation of chiral toxaphene components in biological samples was studied by application of different chiral stationary phases based on modified cyclodextrins. Several pairs of enantiomers were resolved on permethylated beta-cyclodextrin (beta-PMCD), among them 2-endo,3-exo,5-endo,6-exo,8,8,9,10-octachlor...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Vetter W,Luckas B

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study principally focused on a new kind of photochemical reaction catalyst: porphyrin and phthalocyanine complexes. In a first step, the preparation of the catalysts was optimized. A resin has been chosen to be the support of the complexes. Efficiency of catalytic activity is performed on the degradation of a pes...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Héquet V,Le Cloirec P,Gonzalez C,Meunier B

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:4-Nonylphenol (4-NP) occurs in sewage sludge as a result of the breakdown of detergents which contains nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs). 4-NP is of environmental concern because of its toxicity to biological systems. The present paper reports results of aerobic treatment under thermophilic conditions of sewage sludge ar...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Banat FA,Prechtl S,Bischof F

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of incorporating a synthetic zeolite (Zeolite P) in a range of concentrations (0.1-1.0 w:w) into an experimental horticultural compost, derived from sewage sludge, have been investigated. The impact of zeolite treatment on time-related changes of the labile zinc, copper, iron and manganese pools within the...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Nissen LR,Lepp NW,Edwards R

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of diethylstilbestrol (DES) on urethan-induced mouse lung tumorigenesis was assessed by a single intraperitoneal injecting of urethan (50 mg/kg) or/and multi intramuscular injecting of DES (5 or 50 mg/kg). All mice were sacrificed 18 weeks after administration, and the lung tumors were examined histopatholo...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Jiang YG,Chen JK,Wu ZL

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A three-month incubation study was undertaken to examine the influence of N, P and K on the various forms (soluble plus exchangeable (SE), weakly specifically adsorbed (WSA), Fe-Mn oxides bound (OX), organic matter complexed (OM) and residual fractions (RES)) of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in a red soil. Application of...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Tu C,Zheng CR,Chen HM

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental epidemiology is the specialized aspect of public health science that studies human health risk from environmental hazards. It is rises largely upon a foundation of public health surveillance, and relies heavily upon analyses of data for small areas and sparse population groups. To a degree, environmental...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Aldrich TE

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adsorption at the air-water interface and soil sorption from aqueous solution have been investigated for a group of ethylene oxide (EO)-propylene oxide (PO) block copolymeric surfactants. The group which have a common structural formula of EOm POn EOm is distinguished by the fact that they have large critical micelle ...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Paterson IF,Chowdhry BZ,Leharne SA

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Samples of riverine and coastal, filtered (filter pore size 0.2 microm) water were exposed to short-term sunlight irradiation which reduced their absorbance in the UV and visible regions. Absorbance losses in coastal chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) were up to 10-fold smaller than those in riverine CDOM. A...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Grzybowski W

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Sweden fatty fish from the Baltic Sea (at the Swedish east coast) constitute the main exposure route for persistent organochlorine compounds (POC). The present study assessed reproductive outcomes among fishermen's sisters from the Swedish east coast, who were shown to had had a relatively high consumption of conta...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Rylander L,Strömberg U,Hagmar L

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00